What are normal b2 microglobulin levels?
Normal findings : Blood: 0.70-1.80 mcg/mL. Urine: ≤300 mcg/L. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): 0-2.4 mg/L.
Are housekeeping genes always on?
Housekeeping genes are those genes that are always expressed because they code for proteins that are constantly required by the cell, hence, they are essential to a cell and always present under any conditions. Examples of housekeeping genes include actin, GAPDH and ubiquitin.
What is the best housekeeping gene?
Stability of housekeeping genes compared to normal tissue Following normalisation to total RNA, gene expression levels were expressed relative to the unoperated group (Figure 4). The top 3 most stable housekeeping genes were: UBC, SDHA and ARBP for all states.
What is a good housekeeping gene?
What is a Good Housekeeping Gene? The definition of a good housekeeping gene, is one that has stable expression in varying conditions, thus can be used to normalize other influences which may skew the result.
Is the β 2 microglobulin gene found in humans?
View/Edit Human. View/Edit Mouse. β 2 microglobulin also known as B2M is a component of MHC class I molecules, MHC class I molecules have α 1, α 2, and α 3 proteins which are present on all nucleated cells (excludes red blood cells). In humans, the β 2 microglobulin protein is encoded by the B2M gene.
How is beta 2 microglobulin ( B2M ) used as a tumor marker?
This test measures the amount of a protein called beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) in the blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). B2M is a type of tumor marker. Tumor markers are substances made by cancer cells or by normal cells in response to cancer in the body. B2M is found on the surface of many cells and is released into the body.
Why are mice deficient in β 2 microglobulin?
Mice models deficient for the β 2 microglobulin gene have been engineered. These mice demonstrate that β 2 microglobulin is necessary for cell surface expression of MHC class I and stability of the peptide binding groove.
What is the normal β2 microglobulin level for multiple myeloma?
The normal value of β2 microglobulin is <2 mg/L. However, with respect to multiple myeloma, the levels of β2 microglobulin may also be at the other end of the spectrum. Diagnostic testing for multiple myeloma includes obtaining the β2 microglobulin level, for this level is an important prognostic indicator.