Do microtubules elongate or shorten during anaphase?
During anaphase A, the chromosomes move to the poles and kinetochore fiber microtubules shorten; during anaphase B, the spindle poles move apart as interpolar microtubules elongate and slide past one another. During anaphase A, kinetochore microtubules must shorten as the chromosomes move poleward.
What happens to kinetochore microtubules during anaphase?
More specifically, in the first part of anaphase — sometimes called anaphase A — the kinetochore microtubules shorten and draw the chromosomes toward the spindle poles.
What happens to the microtubules during telophase?
Telophase is also marked by the dissolution of the kinetochore microtubules and the continued elongation of the polar microtubules. As the nuclear envelopes re-form, the chromosomes begin to decondense and become more diffuse.
In which phase do spindle microtubules disassemble?
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| (mitosis) kinetochores are motionless in relation to poles of cell | metaphase |
| (mitosis) spindle microtubules disassemble | telophase |
| (mitosis) kinetochores move toward poles of cell | anaphase |
| (mitosis) cohesins break down | anaphase |
Do spindles push or pull?
The segregation of the replicated chromosomes is brought about by a complex cytoskeletal machine with many moving parts—the mitotic spindle. It is constructed from microtubules and their associated proteins, which both pull the daughter chromosomes toward the poles of the spindle and move the poles apart.
How do the microtubules shorten?
If this concept is correct, the spindle microtubules attached to the kinetochores of the sister chromatids, shorten by depolymerization (removal) of protein subunits at their polar ends. This would shorten the microtubule and “pull” on it, tugging the chromosome half towards that pole.
What is the difference between kinetochore and Nonkinetochore microtubules?
Kinetochores are large structures made of many different proteins, assembled at the centromeres of chromosomes. Kinetochores serve as a bridge between the DNA of a chromosome and nonkinetochore microtubules. Nonkinetochore microtubules are polymers that work with kinetochores to align and separate chromosomes.
What will proceed only after all kinetochores are attached to spindle microtubules?
At the spindle poles, centrosomes (not shown) are a major site of microtubule nucleation. Meanwhile, the SAC ensures anaphase occurs only when all kinetochores have attached to the spindle.
Do microtubules push or pull?
Microtubules move and position organelles by pushing, pulling, or sliding. Pushing forces can be generated by microtubule polymerization, whereas pulling typically involves microtubule depolymerization or molecular motors, or both.
When do spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores Quizlet?
In which phase of mitosis does spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores quizlet? 1. During prophase, microtubules of the miotic spindle lenghten. 2. During anaphase, the nonkinetochore microtubules lengthen and move fast past each other,and the kinetochore microtubules shorten.
What happens to microtubules during prophase and anaphase?
During prophase, microtubules of the miotic spindle lenghten. 2. During anaphase, the nonkinetochore microtubules lengthen and move fast past each other,and the kinetochore microtubules shorten.
When do the microtubules attach to the centromere?
Eventually, the microtubules extending from centrioles on opposite poles of the cell attach to every centromere and develop into spindle fibers. Also Know, during what phase does the spindle form? prophase
How are chromosomes separated in an anaphase cell?
Anaphase The chromatids of each chromosome have separated, and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the ends of the cell as their kinetochore microtubules shorten. Prometaphase Discree chromosomes are now visible each consists of two aligned, identical sister chromatids. Later the nuclear envelope will fragment.