What does the medial nuclei of the thalamus do?
The mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) has been implicated in executive functions (such as planning, cognitive control, working memory, and decision-making) because of its significant interconnectivity with the prefrontal cortex (PFC).
What are the 3 groups of nuclei?
Relay nuclei subdivide into the three groups, as mentioned above, of lateral nuclear, medial nuclear, and anterior nuclear.
What is nuclei in thalamus?
The thalamic nuclei are the clusters of densely packed neuronal cell bodies that comprise the thalamus. The thalamus is an ovoid, paired gray matter structure, found in the center of the brain, just superior to the brainstem. Each side of the thalamus contains six groups of nuclei; Anterior nuclei of thalamus.
Which two nuclei are involved in food intake?
Ingestion of food is particularly controlled by hypothalamic sites, such as the ventromedial nucleus (VMN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and lateral hypothalamus (LH). There are recent studies that have identified “orexigenic and anorexigenic neurotransmitters” in the hypothalamus.
What are the roles of the prefrontal cortex and thalamus when it comes to attention?
New role found for brain region: Focusing attention during decision-making. The study focuses on the part of the thalamus associated with the prefrontal cortex or PFC, the brain region traditionally linked to “executive functions” like working memory, the ability to focus attention, and decision-making.
Does the basal nuclei regulate muscle tone?
The basal ganglia exert their role in motor control through constant interaction with the cerebral cortex and the corticospinal pathway (1). Delivers an inhibitory role in motor control. Inhibits muscle tone (balance of excitatory and inbound input signals according to PMN terminating on skeletal muscle)
How does glucose affect hunger?
In uncontrolled diabetes where blood glucose levels remain abnormally high ( hyperglycemia ), glucose from the blood cannot enter the cells – due to either a lack of insulin or insulin resistance – so the body can’t convert the food you eat into energy. This lack of energy causes an increase in hunger.