Which is the best definition of political terrorism?
The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.
What is the definition of terrorism in NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Definition of Terrorism. The unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence against individuals or property in an attempt to coerce or intimidate governments or societies to achieve political, religious or ideological objectives.
What was the definition of terrorism in 1989?
Prevention of Terrorism (Temporary Provisions) Act 1989: “….the use of violence for political ends, and includes any use of violence for the purpose of putting the public or any section of the public in fear.” 8. That definition had major drawbacks.
What is the US Department of Defense definition of terrorism?
U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Definition of Terrorism. The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.
What is the army manual definition of terrorism?
Army Manual definition terrorism is the “calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear. It is intended to coerce or intimidate governments or societies
Is there any controversy in the definition of terrorism?
Various Definitions of Terrorism. Controversy in Defining Terrorism. The difficulty in defining “terrorism” is in agreeing on a basis for determining when the use of violence (directed at whom, by whom, for what ends) is legitimate; therefore, the modern definition of terrorism is inherently controversial.
What is the US State Department definition of terrorism?
Actual acts of terrorist violence are emphasised above the threats of the violence. The US State Department (10)) describes terrorism as “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against non-combatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience”.
What was the meaning of terrorism during the reign of Terror?
According to Myra Williamson (2009): “The meaning of “terrorism” has undergone a transformation. During the reign of terror a regime or system of terrorism was used as an instrument of governance, wielded by a recently established revolutionary state against the enemies of the people.
Is there a general consensus on the definition of terrorism?
There is no general consensus on the definition of terrorism. The difficulty of defining terrorism lies in the risk it entails of taking positions.
Is there a legally binding definition of terrorism?
There is no universal agreement on the legal definition of terrorism, although there exists a consensus academic definition created by scholars. Various legal systems and government agencies use different definitions of terrorism, and governments have been reluctant to formulate an agreed-upon and legally binding definition.
How is terrorism defined by the Department of Defense?
Department of Defense Dictionary of Military Terms defines terrorism as: The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological. State Terrorism
How is old terrorism different from New terrorism?
Laqueur compares old terrorism with new terrorism. Old terrorism is terrorism that strikes only selected targets. New terrorism is terrorism that is indiscriminate; it causes as many casu – alties as possible. Another major feature of new terrorism is the increasing readiness to use extreme indiscriminate violence.
What does Alex P Schmid mean by terrorism?
Alex P. Schmid. “…terrorism is an anxiety-inspiring method of repeated violent action, employed by (semi-) clandestine individual, group or state actors, for idiosyncratic, criminal or political reasons, whereby—in contrast to assassination—the direct targets of violence are not the main targets.