Which is the best dictionary definition of communism?
1a : a system in which goods are owned in common and are available to all as needed. b : a theory advocating elimination of private property. 2 capitalized. a : a doctrine based on revolutionary Marxian socialism and Marxism-Leninism that was the official ideology of the U.S.S.R.
Where did the name Litvak come from in Lithuania?
(pl., Litvakes), Yiddish term for a Jew of historical, or “greater,” Lithuania. The Litvaks’ territory of origin is significantly larger than the borders of both the independent Lithuanian Republic of the interwar period (1918–1940)—which did not include the center of Litvak culture, Vilna ( Vilnius )—and the contemporary state of Lithuania.
What kind of dialect does a Litvak speak?
Litvaks are most readily and objectively identified by their distinctive Yiddish dialect, one that differs in several key respects from the spoken Yiddish of the large majority of other East European Jews.
What was the stereotype of the Litvak?
The Litvak’s commitment to tradition is suspect; his Judaism purely intellectual. Hyperbolic expressions of the stereotype maintained that even when he is studying Torah, the Litvak has one leg out the door of the bet midrash (study hall), on his way to inevitable apostasy.
How is communism a theory of social organization?
a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.
When did communism start in the French Revolution?
Modern communist ideology began to develop during the French Revolution, and its seminal tract, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’ “Communist Manifesto,” was published in 1848.
Who was the first person to believe in communism?
The first Christians practiced a simple form of communism, and in Utopia (1516) the English humanist Thomas More described an imaginary society in which money is abolished and people share meals, houses, and other goods in common.
Which is the best definition of the word bivalent?
Definition of bivalent (Entry 1 of 2) 1 chemistry : having a valence of two : divalent bivalent calcium 2 genetics : associated in pairs in synapsis bivalent chromosomes
How does communism work in the real world?
In theory, under communism, all means of production are owned in common, rather than by individuals (see Marxism and Marxism-Leninism). In practice, a single authoritarian party controls both the political and economic systems.
When was communism first used in the United States?
When it was first used in the mid-19th century, communism referred to an economic and political theory that advocated the elimination of private property and the common sharing of all resources among a group of people; in this use, it was often used interchangeably with the word socialism.
Where did communism take place in the twentieth century?
In practice, a single authoritarian party controls both the political and economic systems. In the twentieth century, communism was associated with the economic and political systems of China and the Soviet Union and of the satellites of the Soviet Union.
How did communism work in the twentieth century?
In theory, under communism, all means of production are owned in common, rather than by individuals ( see Marxism and Marxism-Leninism ). In practice, a single authoritarian party controls both the political and economic systems. In the twentieth century, communism was associated with the economic and political systems of China and…
Why does communism have a centrally planned economy?
Communism has a centrally planned economy; it can quickly mobilize economic resources on a large scale, execute massive projects, and create industrial power. It can move so effectively because it overrides individual self-interest and subjugates the welfare of the general population to achieve critical social goals.
What kind of society does communism want to create?
Communism is a political and economic system that seeks to create a classless society in which the major means of production, such as mines and factories, are owned and controlled by the public.
Who is considered to be the father of communism?
Basically, communism proposes a society in which everyone shares the benefits of labor equally, and eliminates the class system through redistribution of on income. The Father of Communism, Karl Marx, a German philosopher and economist, proposed this new ideology in his Communist Manifesto, which he wrote with Friedrich Engels in 1848.
Why is communism not an inevitability According to Marx?
According to Marxian crisis theory, communism is not an inevitability, but an economic necessity. An important concept in Marxism is socialization versus nationalization. Nationalization is state ownership of property whereas socialization is control and management of property by society.