Where are ether-linked phospholipids found?
neutrophils
It has long been known that ether-linked phospholipids are abundantly present in neutrophils, constituting nearly half of the phosphatidylcholine pool (Mueller et al., 1982, 1984; Bräutigam et al., 1996; Nagan and Zoeller, 2001).
What are ether-linked lipids?
Ether lipids, or better, phospholipids, can be of two types, plasmanyl-phospholipids or plasmenyl-phospholipids (plasmalogens), characterized by an ether bond of an alkyl or alkenyl chain with the OH group in position one of the glycerol-phosphate. Usually these lipids contain ethanolamine or choline as head group.
Where are ether linkages found?
Ether-linked lipids occur throughout the animal kingdom and are even found as minor components in some higher plants. Some mammalian tissues, and avian, marine, molluscan, protozoan, and bacterial lipid extracts contain significant proportions of ether-linked lipids.
Do archaea have ether-linked phospholipids?
The chemical composition of the membrane phospholipids present in the two prokaryotic domains Archaea and Bacteria are vastly different. However, not all archaea are extremophiles, and the presence of ether-linked phospholipids is a phylogenetic marker that distinguishes Archaea from other life forms.
In which phospholipid ether bond is present?
There are two types of ether lipids, plasmanyl- and plasmenyl-phospholipids. Plasmanyl-phospholipids have an ether bond in position sn-1 to an alkyl group. Plasmenyl-phospholipids have an ether bond in position sn-1 to an alkenyl group, 1-0-alk-1′-enyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol (AAG). The latter type is called plasmalogens.
What is the role of ether to archaea?
A vital function of the cell membrane in all living organism is to maintain the membrane permeability barrier and fluidity. In archaea, isoprenoid hydrocarbon side chains are linked via an ether bond to the sn-glycerol-1-phosphate backbone. …
What is ether functional group?
The ether functional group consists of an oxygen atom that forms single bonds with two carbon atoms. Diethyl ether is perhaps the best known ether. It is widely used as a solvent and has been used as an inhalable anesthetic.
Can an ether be an ester?
Ester and Ether are functional classes that are used to classify organic chemical compounds. Esters are prepared via the process of esterification….Ester vs Ether.
Ester | Ether |
---|---|
Ethyl propanoate is one of the examples of ester | Dimethyl ether is one of the examples of ether |
Is an ester a salt?
Although esters are covalent compounds and salts are ionic, esters are named in a manner similar to that used for naming salts. The group name of the alkyl or aryl portion is given first and is followed by the name of the acid portion.
Do bacteria have ether linkages?
In archaea, isoprenoid hydrocarbon side chains are linked via an ether bond to the sn-glycerol-1-phosphate backbone. In bacteria and eukarya on the other hand, fatty acid side chains are linked via an ester bond to the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate backbone.